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W. B. ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷
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2016-11-04
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2016-11-25
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| ±Û°ú±Û»çÀÌ ¼¼°è¹®ÇÐ ¿µ¹Ì½Ã¼±Áý ½Ã¸®Áî 008 |

½ÃÀû ´ë»ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °­ÇÑ ´À³¦°ú ŵµ¸¦ ³²±â´Â ½Ã¸¦ ¼±º¸ÀÌ¸ç ³¶¸¸ÁÖÀÇÀÇ Á¤Å뼺À» ÀÕ´Â ½ÃÀÎÀ¸·Î ¿µ±¹ ½Ã´Ü¿¡ µîÀåÇØ ³¶¸¸ÁÖÀÇÀÇ ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ ¼­Á¤¼ºÀ» º¸¿©ÁØ Àª¸®¾ö ¹öƲ·¯ ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷. ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå¿¡¼­ ž Çб³ ±Ùó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ È­½Ç¿¡¼­ ¸¹Àº ½Ã°£À» º¸³»¸ç ´õºí¸°ÀÇ ¸¹Àº ¿¹¼ú°¡¿Í ÀÛ°¡µéÀ» ¸¸³ª¸ç ½Ã¸¦ ¾²±â ½ÃÀÛÇߴµ¥, ±× ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ ÀÌ ¹«·Æ¿¡ ¾´ ÀÛÇ°µéÀº ³¶¸¸Àû ¼­Á¤¼ºÀ̳ª ȯ»ó¼ºÀ» °­ÇÏ°Ô µå·¯³½´Ù.
ÀÌÈÄ 19¼¼±â¸¦ °ÅÄ¡¸ç À¯·´ ¹®È­ Àü¹Ý¿¡ ÆÛÁø ¸ð´õ´ÏÁò, ÇÁ¶û½º »ó¡ÁÖÀÇ¿¡ ºÎÀÀÇÏ¿© º¸´Ù »ç½ÇÁÖÀÇÀûÀÎ ½ÃdzÀ» º¸¿´À¸¸ç, ½É¹ÌÁÖÀÇ ¹× »ó¡ÁÖÀÇ ½ÃdzÀ¸·Î °Åµì³ª¸é¼­ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ±ØÀÛÇ°°ú ½Ã ÀÛÇ°À» ÅëÇØ ½ÃÀû ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿òÀ» ±¸ÇöÇس»¾ú´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±×ÀÇ ½Ã ¼¼°è´Â ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡µµ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Âµ¥ ¡´Áø´Þ·¡²É¡µÀ» ¾´ ½ÃÀÎ ±è¼Ò¿ùÀÇ ½º½Â ±è¾ïÀ» ÅëÇØ ±×ÀÇ ½Ã°¡ ¹ø¿ª ¼Ò°³µÇ¸é¼­ ±¹³» ¼­Á¤½Ã ¹®´Ü¿¡µµ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.

±Û°ú±Û»çÀÌ ¼¼°è¹®ÇÐ ¿µ¹Ì½Ã¼±Áý ½Ã¸®Áî Á¦7±ÇºÎÅÍ Á¦9±Ç±îÁö´Â W. B. ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷ ½Ã¼±ÀÌ´Ù.

Á¦8±Ç W. B. ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷(William Butler Yeats) ½Ã¼± II ¡¶Å¾(The Tower)¡·Àº ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷ÀÇ ½ÃÁý ¡¶Ã¥ÀÓ°ú ±âŸ ½Ã¡·(Responsibilities and Other Poems, 1914), ¡¶Äð È£¼öÀÇ ¾ß»ý ¹éÁ¶µé¡·(The Wild Swans at Coole, 1919), ¡¶¸¶ÀÌŬ ·Î¹ÙƼÁî¿Í ¹«¿ë¼ö¡·(Michael Robartes and the Dancer, 1921)¿Í ¡¶Å¾¡·(The Tower, 1928)¿¡¼­ ÁÖ¿ä ÀÛÇ° 51ÆíÀ» ¼±º°, ¿ì¸®¸»·Î ¹ø¿ªÇÏ¿© ¿µ¾î ¿ø¹®°ú ÇÔ²² ¼Ò°³ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.


¡°È¯»ó°ú ³¶¸¸ÀÌ °øÁ¸ÇÏ´Â ¼­Á¤½ÃÀÇ Áø¼ö,
½É¹ÌÁÖÀÇ¿Í »ó¡ÁÖÀÇ·Î ¿Ï¼ºµÈ Çö½Ç°ú ÀÌ»ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áý¿äÇÑ Å½±¸,
¾î´Àµ¡ ½Ã´Â »ç¶óÁö°í ¾Æ·ÃÇÏ°í ¾Æ½º¶óÇÑ ½ÃÀû ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿ò¸¸ÀÌ ³²´Â´Ù¡±



Áö¸í(ò¦Ù£)

Á¤ºÎ(ïÙݤ)°¡ ²Ã º¸±â ½È¾î¼­
±× ¿À¸¸ÇÏ°í Á¦¸Ú´ë·ÎÀÎ ´Ù¶÷Áã°¡
Á» ¶Ú´Ù°í ÈñÈñ³«¶ô ´Ù´Ï´ø °÷¿¡
ºÎ·¯Áø ³ª¹«»Ñ¸® Çϳª¸¦ Áý¾î´øÁ³´Ù.
±×·±µ¥ ³ðÀÌ, ¸¶Ä¡ ºñ¿ô´Â ¾ç
³ªÁ÷ÀÌ È÷Èþ ´ë¸ç, ¶Ç ÆÞ½ ¶Ù¾î
´Ü¹ø¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¹«·Î ¼û¾î¹ö·È´Ù.
±æµç ÀÇÁö(ëòò¤)µµ, ¼Ò½ÉÇÑ ³úµµ,
±× »ç³ª¿î ÀÌ»¡ ±ò²ûÇÑ ¼Õ¹ß·Î °¡Áö¿¡ ¿Ã¶ó
ºñ¿ô´Â ³ðÀ» ¸ö¿¡ ¹è¾î °Ô¿ö³»Áø ¾Ê¾ÒÀ» ÅÍ,
¾î¶² Á¤ºÎµµ ±×·± ³ðÀ» Áö¸íÇÏÁø ¾Ê¾ÒÀ» ÅÍ.


AN APPOINTMENT

Being out of heart with government
I took a broken root to fling
Where the proud, wayward squirrel went,
Taking delight that he could spring;
And he, with that low whinnying sound
That is like laughter, sprang again
And so to the other tree at a bound.
Nor the tame will, nor timid brain,
Bred that fierce tooth and cleanly limb
And threw him up to laugh on the bough;
No government appointed him.


»õº®

³ªµµ »õº®Ã³·³ ¹«½ÉÇßÀ¸¸é
ºê·ÎÄ¡ÀÇ ÇÉÀ¸·Î
µµ½Ã¸¦ Àç´Â Àú ´ÄÀº ¿©¿Õµµ,
±ÔÄ¢¿¡ ¾ô¸ÅÀÎ ¹Ùºô·Ð¿¡¼­
ºÒ¾ÈÇÏ°Ô ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â Ç༺µé,
´Þ ¶ß´Â °÷¿¡¼­ »ç¶óÁö´Â º°µéÀ» °üÂûÇϸç
¼­ÆÇ(ßö÷ù)À» ²¨³» °è»êÇß´ø ´ÄÀºÀ̵鵵
³»³» ¹«½ÉÈ÷ ³»·Á´Ùº» »õº®Ã³·³.
³ªµµ »õº®Ã³·³ ¹«½ÉÇßÀ¸¸é
±¸¸§ ¸»(Ø©)µéÀÇ ¾î±ú À§¿¡ °¡¸¸È÷ ¼­¼­
¹Ý¦ÀÌ´Â ¸¶Â÷¸¦ Èçµå´Â »õº®Ã³·³.
³ªµµ¡ªÁö½ÄÀ̶õ ¤ ÇÑ ¿À¶ó±â¸¸µµ ¸øÇϱ⿡¡ª
»õº®Ã³·³ ¹«½ÉÇßÀ¸¸é ºÐ¹æ(ÝÆÛ¯)ÇßÀ¸¸é.


THE DAWN

I would be ignorant as the dawn
That has looked down
On that old queen measuring a town
With the pin of a brooch,
Or on the withered men that saw
From their pedantic Babylon
The careless planets in their courses,
The stars fade out where the moon comes,
And took their tablets and did sums;
I would be ignorant as the dawn
That merely stood, rocking the glittering coach
Above the cloudy shoulders of the horses;
I would be?for no knowledge is worth a straw?
Ignorant and wanton as the dawn.


À縲

Á¡Á¡ ³Ð°Ô ¼Ò¿ëµ¹ÀÌÄ¡¸ç µ¹°í µµ´Â
¸Å´Â ¸ÅºÎ¸®ÀÇ ¼Ò¸®¸¦ µèÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.
¸¸»ç°¡ »ê»ê Á¶°¢³ª¸é, Áß½ÉÀÌ ÁöÅÊ ¸ø ÇÏ¿©,
¼øÀüÇÑ ¹«Áú¼­°¡ ¼¼»ó¿¡ Ç®·Á³­´Ù.
ÇͺûÀÇ È帴ÇÑ ¹°°áÀÌ Ç®·Á³ª, °÷°÷¿¡¼­
¼ø¼öÀÇ ÀǽÄ(ëðãÒ)ÀÌ ÀÍ»çÇÑ´Ù.
ÃÖ¼±ÀεéÀº ¸ðµç ½Å³äÀ» ÀÒ°í, ÃÖ¾ÇÀεéÀÌ
°­·ÄÇÑ °ÝÁ¤À¸·Î °¡µæ Âù´Ù.

Çʽà ¾î¶² °è½Ã°¡ ÀÓ¹ÚÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Çʽà À縲(î¢×ü)ÀÌ ÀÓ¹ÚÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
À縲! ÀÌ ¸»À» ¹ñ¾î³»±â°¡ ¹«¼·°Ô
ÇÑ °Å´ëÇü»óÀÌ ¼¼°è·É(á¦Í£çÏ)¿¡¼­ »ý°Ü³ª
³» ´«À» ¾îÁö·´Èù´Ù. »ç¸· ¸ð·¡¹ç ¾îµò°¡¿¡¼­
»çÀÚ(Þâí­) ¸öÅë¿¡ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¸Ó¸®, žçó·³
¹«Ç¥Á¤ÇÏ°í ¹«ÀÚºñÇÑ ´«ºûÀÇ ÇÑ Çüü°¡
µÐ°¨ÇÑ Çã¹÷Áö¸¦ ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ°í, ¼º³­ »ç¸· »õµéÀÇ
±×¸²ÀÚµéÀÌ ±× ¸öÅëÀ» ÈÖÈÖ ¾îÁö·´°Ô ¸Éµ·´Ù.
´Ù½Ã ¾ÏÈæÀÌ ³»¸°´Ù. Çѵ¥ ÀÌÁ¦¾ß Èçµé¸®´Â
ÇÑ ¿ä¶÷ ¶§¹®¿¡ µ¹Ã³·³ Àáµç ½º¹« ¼¼±â(á¦Ñº)°¡
±«·Î¿î ¾Ç¸ù¿¡ ½Ã´Þ¸®°Ô µÇ¾úÀ½À» ¾Ë¾Ò°Å´Ã,
¶Ç ¾î¶² Çè¾ÇÇÑ Áü½ÂÀÌ, ¸¶Ä§³» ¶§°¡ µÇ¾î,
ž·Á°í º£µé·¹Çð ÇâÇÏ¿© ¸öÀ» ±ÁÈ÷³ª?


THE SECOND COMING

TURNING and turning in the widening gyre
The falcon cannot hear the falconer;
Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold;
Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world,
The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere
The ceremony of innocence is drowned;
The best lack all conviction, while the worst
Are full of passionate intensity.

Surely some revelation is at hand;
Surely the Second Coming is at hand.
The Second Coming! Hardly are those words out
When a vast image out of Spiritus Mundi
Troubles my sight: somewhere in sands of the desert
A shape with lion body and the head of a man,
A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun,
Is moving its slow thighs, while all about it
Reel shadows of the indignant desert birds.
The darkness drops again; but now I know
That twenty centuries of stony sleep
Were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle,
And what rough beast, its hour come round at last,
Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?


1922³â°ú 1925³â¿¡ µÎ Â÷·Ê³ª ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå ÀÚÀ¯±¹(Irish Free State)ÀÇ »ó¿øÀÇ¿øÀ¸·Î ÀÓ¸íµÈ ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷´Â °Ë¿­, °Ç°­º¸Çè, ÀÌÈ¥, ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå¾î, ±³À°, ÀúÀ۱Ǻ¸È£, ±¹Á¦¿¬ÇÕ °¡ÀÔ °°Àº Çö¾Èµé¿¡ °ü½ÉÀ» ½ñÀº °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°í 1923³â 12¿ù¿¡ ±×´Â ³ëº§¹®ÇлóÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷´Â ³ëº§»ó¼ö¶ô ¿¬¼³¿¡¼­ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå ¹ÎÁ·ÁÖÀÇ¿Í ¹®È­Àû µ¶¸³ÀÇ ÇÑ ±â¼ö·Î ¼Ò°³Çϸç, ³ëº§»ó ¼ö»óÀ» ½ÊºÐ È°¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿µ±¹ÀÇ Áö¹è¿¡¼­ °« µ¶¸³ÇÑ ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå¸¦ ¼¼»ó¿¡ ³Î¸® ¾Ë¸®°íÀÚ ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¾Æ¿ï·¯, ±×ÀÇ ³ëº§»ó ¼ö»óÀº ±×°£ Ãâ°£µÈ Ã¥µéÀÇ ´ë¹Ú ÆǸŷΠÀ̾îÁ³°í, ±×Á¦¾ß ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷´Â óÀ½À¸·Î Å«µ·À» ¹ú¾î¼­, ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ºú»Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ºú±îÁö û»êÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.
¸»³â¿¡ µé¾î¼­µµ ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷´Â Á¤¿­ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÛÇ°À» ½á¼­ ¼¼»ó¿¡ ³»³õ¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ ¸í»ç¶ó¼­ ±×·¨´ÂÁö, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ´ÄÀ»¼ö·Ï ÀþÀ½ÀÌ Å½³ª¼­ ±×·¨´ÂÁö´Â ¸ð¸£°ÚÀ¸³ª, ½¢ÇÑ ÀþÀº ¿©Àεé°ú ³¶¸¸ÀûÀÎ ¿¬¾Ö¸¦ Áñ°å´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. ±× °ü°è°¡ ¾ó¸¶³ª ±í¾ú´ÂÁö´Â ¸ð¸£°ÚÁö¸¸, ¸»³âÀÇ ÀÛÇ° Áß¿¡¼­ ¡®¼Ò³à¸¦ ŽÇÏ´Â ³ëÀΡ¯ÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀÌ ±×·ÁÁø ½Ã°¡ ¿©·µ ´«¿¡ µé¾î¿À´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¸é ±¦ÇÑ Çê¼Ò¸®´Â ¾Æ´Ñ µíÇÏ´Ù. ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷´Â 1930³â´ë¿¡ µæ¼¼ÇÑ ÀÌÅ»¸®¾ÆÀÇ ¹«¼Ö¸®´Ï(Benito Mussolini, 1883-1945)¸¦ ¼þ¹èÇÏ¿© Àá½Ã ÆĽýºÆ®¶ó´Â ºñ³­À» ¹Þ¾Ò´Âµ¥, ³ëÀÎÀÌ ¼Ò³à¿¡°Ô ´«±æÀ» »©¾Ñ±âµíÀÌ, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ȸÃáÇÑ ±è¿¡(±×·± ½Ã¼ú±îÁö ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù°í ÇÏ´Ï), Ä«¸®½º¸¶ ³ÑÄ¡´Â ÁöµµÀÚÀÇ È°·Â¿¡ ȤÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´ÂÁö ¸ð¸£°Ú´Ù.

- ¿Å°Ü ¿«ÀºÀÌÀÇ ¡¸W. B. ¿¹ÀÌÃ÷ÀÇ »î°ú ¹®ÇÐ À̾߱⡹ Áß¿¡¼­

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